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Italy Key Figures

Population:
58.9 million
GDP growth rate:
3.67 %/year
Energy independence:
22.5%

Data of the last year available: 2022

Total consumption/GDP:*
77.4 (2005=100)
CO2 Emissions:
5.28 tCO2/capita
Rate of T&D power losses:
5.95%

* at purchasing power parity

View all macro and energy indicators in the Italy energy report

Italy Related Research

Benefit from up to 2 000 up-to-date data series for 186 countries in Global Energy & CO2 data

A data overview is available in the global energy statistics app

Total Energy Consumption

Italy's per capita energy consumption is 16% lower than the EU average (2.5 toe in 2022). Electricity consumption per capita is around 5 100 kWh (5060 kWh in 2022), i.e. 9% below the EU average.

Total energy consumption declined by 3.3% to 145 Mtoe in 2022, in a context of high energy prices and geopolitical concerns. It had declined slightly between 2017 and 2019 (-1.5%/year) and fell by 7.6% in 2020 before rebounding by 8.8% in 2021.

Graph: CONSUMPTION TRENDS BY ENERGY SOURCE (Mtoe)

Interactive Chart Italy Total Energy Consumption

Benefit from up to 2 000 up-to-date data series for 186 countries in Global Energy & CO2 data

View the detailed fondamentals of the market at country level (graphs, tables, analysis) in the Italy energy report

Crude Oil Production

After a 25% increase in 2020, crude oil and NGL production has been decreasing again (-10% in 2021 and -13% in 2022 to 4.6 Mt).

Crude oil imports rose by 9% in 2022 to nearly 65 Mt (86% of oil consumption). Four suppliers accounted for 61% of crude oil supply in 2022, namely Russia (19%), Libya, and Azerbaijan (14% each), and Iraq (13%).

Interactive Chart Italy Crude Oil Production

Benefit from up to 2 000 up-to-date data series for 186 countries in Global Energy & CO2 data

Additionally, for more detailed information on refineries, you can request a sample of our EMEA Refineries Dataset

Oil Products Consumption

Oil product consumption remained stable in 2022 at 50 Mt, after a strong rebound in 2021 (+13%) and a 15% drop in 2020. It had declined rapidly between 2005 and 2013 (-5%/year from 83 Mt to 54 Mt) and at a slower pace until 2019 (-0.8%/year).

Graph: OIL CONSUMPTION (Mt)

Interactive Chart Italy Refined Oil Products Production

Benefit from up to 2 000 up-to-date data series for 186 countries in Global Energy & CO2 data

Additionally, for more detailed information on refineries, you can request a sample of our EMEA Refineries Dataset

Natural Gas Consumption

In 2022, record high gas prices, warmer weather, and consumer behaviours reduced gas consumption by 10% to 69 bcm (-14% in industry and buildings). It averaged 72 bcm between 2015 and 2019, dipping by 4% in 2020 and recovering (+7%) in 2021.

Natural gas consumption reached a peak at 86 bcm in 2005 and declined by 3.6%/year until 2014, before recovering by 3.8%/year until 2019 (rising consumption in the power sector).

Graph: NATURAL GAS CONSUMPTION (bcm)

Interactive Chart Italy Natural Gas Domestic Consumption

Benefit from up to 2 000 up-to-date data series for 186 countries in Global Energy & CO2 data

Additionally, for more detailed information on the LNG trade, you can request a sample of our EMEA LNG Trade Dataset

Coal Consumption

Coal consumption rebounded by 10% in 2021 and by 48% in 2022 to nearly 13 Mt, as lower hydropower generation and high gas prices increased coal demand from the power sector (+56% in 2022). It more than halved between 2010 and 2020 (-64%, including -25% in 2019 and -27% in 2020) because of the closure of coal fired power plants and higher competition from gas and renewables.

Power generation accounted for 77% of coal consumption in 2022 (as in 2010) and industry consumed most of the remainder (23%).

Graph: COAL CONSUMPTION (Mt)

Interactive Chart Italy Coal and Lignite Domestic Consumption

Benefit from up to 2 000 up-to-date data series for 186 countries in Global Energy & CO2 data

View the detailed consumption trends at country level (graphs, tables, analysis) in the Italy energy report

Power Consumption

Electricity consumption decreased slightly in 2022 (-1%) to 298 TWh, back to its 2012-2019 average (300 TWh). It contracted by 6% in 2020 and rebounded by 6% in 2021.

Graph: ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION (TWh)

The industrial sector is the main consumer of electricity, with 42% in 2022. Services account for 27% and households for 22%. These shares have remained stable since 2010.

Graph: ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION BREAKDOWN BY SECTOR (2022, %)

Renewable in % Electricity Production

Italy exceeded by 3.4 points its 2020 renewable targets (17%), as the share of renewables in final energy consumption reached 20.4%. In 2021, renewables covered 19% of final energy consumption (36% for electricity, 19.7% for heating and cooling, and 10% for transport).

Interactive Chart Italy Share of Renewables in Electricity Production (incl hydro)

Benefit from up to 2 000 up-to-date data series for 186 countries in Global Energy & CO2 data

Learn more about renewables in the European Battery Market Analysis

CO2 Fuel Combustion/CO2 Emissions

GHG emissions increased slightly in 2022 (0.9%), after a rebound of nearly 11% to 390 MtCO2eq in 2021 and a decrease of 38% from their peak at 565 MtCO2eq in 2007 until 2020.

The draft update of the NECP aims at cutting GHG emissions for all ETS sectors by 62% (up from 43% in the 2019 NECP) and for all non-ETS sectors by up to 37% in 2030 (from 33%) compared to 2005. Italy also aims to remove nearly 35 MtCO2 from the LULUCF sector.