Energy consumption per capita is 2.4 toe (18% below the EU average), including 3 500 kWh of electricity, i.e. around 37% below the EU average (2018).
Graph: CONSUMPTION TRENDS BY ENERGY SOURCE (Mtoe)
Total energy consumption declined by 1.6%/year between 2007 and 2015, after increasing rapidly between 2000 and 2007 (3.2%/year). Energy consumption increased slightly from ...
Latvia does not have a refinery. It imports all its refined products by rail and pipeline from Russia, Belarus and the Lithuanian refinery of Mazeikiai. Oil product imports increased steadily (+7.3%/year) between 2010 and 2016, reaching 2.7 Mt in 2016, but dipped subsequently by 5.5%/year to 2.4 Mt in 2018. Its geographical location makes Latvia an important transit area for oil products, ...
The demand for oil products, which fell by 5.3%/year between 2007 and 2012, has been recovering slightly since then, staying close to 1.3 Mt/year since 2013). It grew by 3.5% to 1.4 Mt in 2017 and stabilized in 2018 (1.4 Mt).
Graph: OIL CONSUMPTION (Mt)
Transport accounts for nearly 3/4 of oil product consumption (74% in 2018), the residential-tertiary-agriculture sector ...
Natural gas consumption decreased by 5.6%/year between 2010 and 2017, and increased in 2018 by 17.5% to 1.37 bcm. It rose by 3%/year over 2000-2010.
The power sector, which accounts for more than 60% of total gas consumption (66% in 2017), is the main driver of gas demand.
Graph: NATURAL GAS CONSUMPTION (bcm)
Graph: GAS CONSUMPTION BREAKDOWN BY SECTOR (2018, ...
Coal and lignite consumption has halved since 2011 (-59% between 2011 and 2018) after a tenfold decrease between 1990 and 2004 (reduced use for CHP and heat plants). It is now marginal in Latvia's energy mix (1%, less than 0.1 Mt in 2018).
Graph: COAL CONSUMPTION (Mt)
Industry is the main consumer (62% of the demand in 2018), followed by the residential and services ...
Electricity consumption remained broadly stable between 2013 and 2017 and increased slightly in 2018 to 6.7 TWh. It had previously soared between 2000 and 2007 (+5.7%/year, reaching 6.6 TWh).
Graph: ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION (TWh)
Services dominate electricity consumption (43%). They are followed by industry (27%), households (25%), and transport 1% (2018).
Graph: ...
According to the target set by the European Directive, renewables should have accounted for 40% of final energy consumption in 2020 (37% achieved) and for nearly 60% of electricity consumption in 2020. The Strategy 2030 raised this share to 45% in 2030.
Latvia offers financial support for the conversion from fossil fuels to renewables. Feed-in tariffs (FiTs) for wind, biomass and ...
Latvia issued its NDC in 2015, stating an objective of reducing GHG emissions by 55% for 2030 (compared to 1990 levels).
GHG emissions fell until 2000 and have remained relatively stable at around 10-12 MtCO2eq since then; they were 42% below 1992 level in 2017 (11.3 MtCO2eq).
CO2 emissions from energy combustion have followed a similar trend and have remained stable at around ...
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