Energy consumption per capita is 2.1 toe (32% below the EU average), including 3 320 kWh of electricity, i.e. 41% below the EU average (2015).
Graph: CONSUMPTION TRENDS BY ENERGY SOURCE (Mtoe)
Total energy consumption has been declining slightly since 2007 (-1.6%/year between 2007 and 2015) and reached 4.2 Mtoe in 2015. It increased by 3.2%/year between 2000 and ...
Latvia does not have a refinery. It imports all its refined products by rail and pipeline from Russia, Belarus and the Lithuanian refinery of Mazeikiai. Oil product imports have been increasing steadily since 2010 (+6.6%/year), reaching 2.6 Mt in 2015, but they dipped by 2% in 2016 (66% diesel and 9% gasoline). Its geographical location makes Latvia an important transit area for oil ...
The demand for oil products, which fell by 5.3%/year between 2007 and 2012, has been recovering slightly since then (+2.8%/year until 2015). Oil product consumption increased by 5.4% in 2015 and by 2.1% in 2016, with diesel sales rising by 5.1% (-2% for gasoline).
Graph: OIL CONSUMPTION (Mt)
Transport accounts for nearly 3/4 of oil product consumption (73% in 2015), the ...
Natural gas consumption, which rose by 3%/year over the 2000-2010 period, contracted until 2014 (-7.9%/year) and has been recovering since them (+3.5% in 2016), reaching 1.4 bcm in 2016.
The power sector, which accounts for more than 60% of total gas consumption (63% in 2015), is the main driver of gas demand: in 2014, a change in support mechanisms for large CHP plants reduced ...
Coal consumption decreased tenfold between 1990 and 2004 (reduced use for CHP and heat plants). It has fallen by half since 2011 (-54% between 2011 and 2015). According to preliminary data, coal demand fell again in 2013, by 9%, and remains marginal in Latvia's energy mix (less than 2%).
Graph: COAL CONSUMPTION (Mt)
Industry is the main consumer (52% of the demand in ...
Electricity consumption soared between 2000 and 2007 (+5.7%/year, reaching 6.6 TWh) and has stopped increasing since then. Since 2013, electricity consumption has remained broadly stable at around 6.5 TWh (+0.8% in 2016).
Graph: ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION (TWh)
The residential-tertiary sector represents 2/3 of the electricity demand, 42% of which for services and 27% for ...
According to the target set by the European Directive, renewable energy should account for 40% of final energy consumption and for nearly 60% of electricity consumption in 2020. The Strategy 2030 raised this share to 50% in 2030.
Latvia offers financial support for the conversion from fossil fuels to renewables. Feed-in tariffs (FiTs) for wind, biomass and biogas, small-hydro and CHP ...
Latvia's Kyoto target was easily achieved since in 2012 GHG emissions were 40% below their 1992 level (compared to a reduction target of 8% compared to 1992). GHG emissions fell until 2000 and have remained relatively stable at around 10-12 MtCO2eq since then; they were 40% below 1992 level in 2015 (11.6 MtCO2eq).
CO2 emissions from energy combustion have followed a similar trend and ...
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