Skip to main content

Portugal Energy Information

Portugal Key Figures

Population:
10.4 million
GDP growth rate:
6.69 %/year
Energy independence:
27.4%

Data of the last year available: 2022

Total consumption/GDP:*
72.4 (2005=100)
CO2 Emissions:
3.74 tCO2/capita
Rate of T&D power losses:
8.83%

* at purchasing power parity

View all macro and energy indicators in the Portugal energy report

Portugal Related Research

Benefit from up to 2 000 up-to-date data series for 186 countries in Global Energy & CO2 data

A data overview is available in the global energy statistics app

Total Energy Consumption

Consumption per capita is 28% lower than the EU average at 2.1 toe, 4 780 kWh of which is electricity (14% below the EU average) (2022).

Graph: CONSUMPTION TRENDS BY ENERGY SOURCE (Mtoe)

Total energy consumption rose by 8.2% in 2022 to 21.8 Mtoe, after a 7.4% decline in 2020 and stagnation in 2021. Previously, it declined by 3%/year between 2005 and 2012 with the economic recession and increased slightly between 2012 and 2017 (+1.2%/year).

Interactive Chart Portugal Total Energy Consumption

Benefit from up to 2 000 up-to-date data series for 186 countries in Global Energy & CO2 data

View the detailed fondamentals of the market at country level (graphs, tables, analysis) in the Portugal energy report

Crude Oil Production

Portugal does not produce oil and imported 12 Mt of crude oil in 2022 (+10% compared to 2021). In 2022, the main crude oil suppliers were Brazil (38%), Nigeria (14%), Algeria (11%), and Azerbaijan (11%).

The country produced 12 Mt of oil products in 2022 (+7.1%). Portugal has a refining capacity of 230 kb/d at the Sines refinery in Porto; in 2023, the refinery reduced its production due to maintenance works. The Matosinhos refinery (110 kb/d, also in Porto) was shut in down in 2020. Portugal is a net exporter of oil products (3.6 Mt exported vs 3.5 Mt imported in 2022).

Interactive Chart Portugal Crude Oil Production

Benefit from up to 2 000 up-to-date data series for 186 countries in Global Energy & CO2 data

Additionally, for more detailed information on refineries, you can request a sample of our EMEA Refineries Dataset

Oil Products Consumption

Oil product consumption increased by 16% in 2022 to 9.6 Mt, after fluctuating since 2017. Before that, it had remained roughly stable at around 9 Mt between 2013 and 2017 and decreased rapidly between 2005 and 2012 (-7%/year) especially for industry and power plants (10%/year and -20%/year, respectively).

The transport sector is the largest oil consumer (57% in 2022), followed by industry (20%, including non-energy uses), buildings and agriculture (9%), and the hydrocarbon industry (8%).

Graph: OIL CONSUMPTION (Mt)

Interactive Chart Portugal Refined Oil Products Production

Benefit from up to 2 000 up-to-date data series for 186 countries in Global Energy & CO2 data

Additionally, for more detailed information on refineries, you can request a sample of our EMEA Refineries Dataset

Natural Gas Consumption

Gas consumption has been decreasing since 2019 (COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, high prices in 2021 and 2022) to 5.6 bcm in 2022. It increased rapidly between 2014 and 2019 due to an increase in demand from power plants, partly because of lower hydropower availability.

The share of gas used for power generation has been fluctuating between 62% and 45% since 2010 (62% in 2022), depending on hydropower availability. Industry accounts for 21% of total gas consumption and buildings for 10%.

Graph: NATURAL GAS CONSUMPTION (bcm)

Interactive Chart Portugal Natural Gas Domestic Consumption

Benefit from up to 2 000 up-to-date data series for 186 countries in Global Energy & CO2 data

Additionally, for more detailed information on the LNG trade, you can request a sample of our EMEA LNG Trade Dataset

Coal Consumption

Coal consumption stopped in 2022. It had dropped drastically from a level of 5 Mt in 2017. Previously, coal consumption was almost entirely used for power generation and its consumption levels depended on hydropower generation and price spreads with gas.

Graph: COAL CONSUMPTION (Mt)

Graph: COAL CONSUMPTION BREAKDOWN BY SECTOR (2022, %)

Interactive Chart Portugal Coal and Lignite Domestic Consumption

Benefit from up to 2 000 up-to-date data series for 186 countries in Global Energy & CO2 data

View the detailed consumption trends at country level (graphs, tables, analysis) in the Portugal energy report

Power Consumption

Electricity consumption has been increasing slightly since 2012, reaching 50 TWh in 2022 (its 2010 level). Since 2014, electricity consumption has increased by around 1%/year.

In 2022, industry is the largest electricity consumer, with 34%, followed by services (31%) and households (30%).

Graph: ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION (TWh)

Graph: ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION BREAKDOWN BY SECTOR (2022, %)

Renewable in % Electricity Production

ADENE is also the national agency responsible for renewables.

Portugal's updated NECP set a new target for a 49% contribution of renewables' in final energy consumption in 2030 (up from 47% previously), increasing its goals from 80% to 85% for electricity, from 38% to 47% for heating and cooling, and from 20 to 23% in transport. The target for 2020 was exceeded by 3 points, with an actual share of 34%. In 2021, the share of renewables remained at 34% (58.5% for power, 42.7% for heating and cooling, and 8.6% for transport).

Interactive Chart Portugal Share of Renewables in Electricity Production (incl hydro)

Benefit from up to 2 000 up-to-date data series for 186 countries in Global Energy & CO2 data

Learn more about renewables in the European Battery Market Analysis

CO2 Fuel Combustion/CO2 Emissions

GHG emissions have fluctuated around 65 MtCO2eq since 2021, with a peak at 71.5 MtCO2eq in 2017 due to large forest fires. Emissions have decreased since then, reaching 56.5 MtCO2eq in 2021. Before that, emissions had decreased steadily by 3.3 %/year from 2005 (86 MtCO2eq) to 2014 (64MtCO2eq).

The draft update of the NECP (June 2023) aims to reduce emissions (without LULUCF) by 55% in 2030 compared to 2005 levels (from 45-55% in the previous NECP). It also brings forward the carbon neutrality target from 2050 (Roadmap for Carbon Neutrality 2050, RCN 2050) to 2045.